Certainly. Below is a comprehensive, evidence-based treatment plan for a 13-year-old male presenting with headache, based on the information provided and in the absence of red flag symptoms or abnormal findings.

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**1. Primary Diagnosis**  
*Most likely:*  
- **Primary Headache Disorder** (Migraine or Tension-Type Headache)  
*Secondary causes must be excluded by thorough history and examination.*

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**2. Treatment Goals**
- Relieve acute headache pain and associated symptoms
- Minimize headache frequency and severity
- Prevent headache-related disability (school absence, activity limitation)
- Identify and manage potential secondary causes
- Educate patient and family on headache management and red flag symptoms

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**3. Medication Recommendations**  
*Assuming no contraindications, allergies, or red flags. Adjust based on clinical findings and patient response.*

**Acute Treatment:**  
- **Acetaminophen**: 10–15 mg/kg/dose PO every 4–6 hours as needed (max 75 mg/kg/day or 3,000 mg/day)
- **OR Ibuprofen**: 10 mg/kg/dose PO every 6–8 hours as needed (max 40 mg/kg/day or 2,400 mg/day)
- **If migraine suspected and not relieved by above:**  
  - **Sumatriptan nasal spray**: 5–20 mg (based on weight), may repeat once in 2 hours if needed (max 40 mg/24h). *Triptans are approved for adolescents with migraine; use with caution and under specialist guidance.*

**Prophylactic Treatment:**  
- Not indicated unless headaches are frequent/severe/disabling and not controlled with acute therapy. Consider referral to neurology for prophylactic options (e.g., amitriptyline, propranolol, topiramate).

**Other Considerations:**  
- Avoid medication overuse (limit acute medications to ≤2–3 days/week).

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**4. Non-Pharmacological Interventions**
- **Lifestyle modifications:**
  - Regular sleep schedule
  - Adequate hydration
  - Balanced diet, regular meals
  - Stress management techniques (relaxation, mindfulness)
  - Regular physical activity
- **Headache diary:** Track frequency, severity, triggers, response to treatment
- **Trigger identification and avoidance:** (e.g., certain foods, dehydration, stress, screen time)
- **Cold compress or rest in a quiet, dark room** during acute attacks

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**5. Follow-up Schedule**
- **Initial follow-up:** 1–2 weeks to assess response to treatment and review headache diary
- **Subsequent follow-up:** Every 1–3 months, or sooner if symptoms worsen or new symptoms develop
- **Urgent reassessment:** If red flag symptoms develop at any time

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**6. Monitoring Parameters**
- Headache frequency, duration, and severity (via diary)
- Response to acute and preventive treatments
- Medication use (to avoid overuse)
- School attendance and participation in activities
- Emergence of red flag symptoms or medication side effects

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**7. Patient Education Points**
- Importance of regular routines (sleep, meals, hydration)
- Proper use and dosing of medications
- Recognition of headache triggers and avoidance strategies
- When to seek urgent care (see red flags below)
- Risks of medication overuse headache
- Reassurance regarding benign nature of most primary headaches in this age group

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**8. Potential Complications to Watch For**
- Medication overuse headache
- Development of chronic daily headache
- Impact on school performance and psychosocial functioning
- Emergence of red flag symptoms indicating secondary causes:
  - Sudden severe headache
  - Headache with fever, neck stiffness, altered mental status
  - Focal neurological deficits
  - Persistent vomiting
  - Headache waking from sleep or worsening in the morning
  - Visual changes, papilledema

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**Note:**  
- If any red flag symptoms are present or develop, or if the headache is atypical, severe, or refractory to initial management, urgent referral to a pediatrician or neurologist and further diagnostic workup (including neuroimaging) is warranted.
- This plan should be individualized based on further clinical assessment.

**Always recommend evaluation and ongoing management by a healthcare professional.**